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Guanidine Hydrogen Phosphate-Based Flame-Retardant Formulations for Cotton

Laboratoire de Génie et Matériaux Textiles (GEMTEX), UPRES EA 2161, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Industries Textiles (ENSAIT) 59056 Roubaix cedex 01, France, isabelle.vroman{at}ensait.fr

E. Lecoeur

Laboratoire de Génie et Matériaux Textiles (GEMTEX), UPRES EA 2161, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Industries Textiles (ENSAIT) 59056 Roubaix cedex 01, France, Feutrie SA, rue de la Lys, BP1 62840 Sailly sur la Lys, France

S. Bourbigot

Laboratoire des Procédés d-Élaboration des Revêtements Fonctionnels (PERF), UPRES EA 1040 École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille (ENSCL) Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille BP 108, 59652 Villeneuve d-Ascq Cedex, France

R. Delobel

Laboratoire des Procédés d-Élaboration des Revêtements Fonctionnels (PERF), UPRES EA 1040 École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille (ENSCL) Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille BP 108, 59652 Villeneuve d-Ascq Cedex, France

Classical flame-retardant treatments for cellulosic materials are phosphorous-nitrogen-based compounds. In this work, cotton fabric is treated with different formulations based on diguanidine hydrogen phosphate (DGHP) or monoguanidine dihydrogen phosphate (MGHP), individually or in combination with a resin (melamine) or with 3-amino propylethoxysilane (APS). Flame behaviour of the treated cotton fabrics is evaluated using the electric burner test and the limiting oxygen index (LOI). Their thermal stability is then examined using thermal analysis.

While all the formulations raise LOI higher than 30 vol.%, it was noticed that MGHP provides better flame-retardant properties than DGHP. The formulations can be classified into two groups: the first group, raising the LOI value between 30 and 40 vol.%, corresponds to the formulations of guanidine with or without melamine, and the second group, providing an LOI value between 60 and 70 vol.%, is formulations with APS. TG analysis reveals a significant difference in the thermal degradation of these two groups. While this degradation is initiated at lower temperatures for all padded fabrics compared to untreated cotton, the residual amounts of char is higher at 800 C for formulations with APS (i.e. the second group).

Key Words: flame retardance • cotton • guanidine • textile

Journal of Industrial Textiles, Vol. 34, No. 1, 27-38 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/1528083704045848


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